摘要 :
The Sool of Trogopterus xanthipes Milne- Edwards (STX), a Chinese traditional medicine, Is used for actuating blood circulation and re- Moving extravasated blood as well as relieving Pai, such as sharp pain in heart, abdomen, ches...
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The Sool of Trogopterus xanthipes Milne- Edwards (STX), a Chinese traditional medicine, Is used for actuating blood circulation and re- Moving extravasated blood as well as relieving Pai, such as sharp pain in heart, abdomen, chest. Postpartum tormina, traumatic injury and snake- Bites. It is also used to cure various cancers such As cardia carcinoma, colon carcinoma, uterine Carcinoma, mammary gland carcinoma, chorioma And lymphoma, etc.
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Mononuclear complexes of N-methylpropanoate-N,N-bis-(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (MPBMPA) and N-propanoate-N,N-bis-(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (HPBMPA) with first row transition metals from Mn to Cu were synthesized and characterized by spec...
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Mononuclear complexes of N-methylpropanoate-N,N-bis-(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (MPBMPA) and N-propanoate-N,N-bis-(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (HPBMPA) with first row transition metals from Mn to Cu were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopy (infrared, UV-visible), electrochemistry (cyclic voltammetry), microanalysis and in four cases X-ray crystallography. Structure of the complexes revealed high flexibility of these ligands that can adopt facial (Fe) and meridional (Cu) geometry. Activity in the degradation of reactive oxygen species (superoxide radical anion: superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity and hydrogen peroxide: catalase-like activity) was tested throughout the complex series in aqueous solutions. In connection with the catalytic dismutation of H_2O_2, bleaching tests with morin were also conducted in water. Comparison of the two ligands helped in elucidating the possible role of the carboxylate moiety in the different catalytic reactions. Although no general trends could be revealed between reactivity and constitution of the first coordination sphere, plausible explanations for differences are discussed individually for SOD like, catalase-like and bleaching activity.
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Fullerene (C_(60)) exhibits versatile properties that shows great potential for improving water treatment technologies. However, the probable transformation of C_(60) during water treatment, which consequently changes the physicoc...
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Fullerene (C_(60)) exhibits versatile properties that shows great potential for improving water treatment technologies. However, the probable transformation of C_(60) during water treatment, which consequently changes the physicochemical properties and toxicity of the parent compound, may introduce doubt concerning its application. Our results demonstrated that the C_(60) aggregate (nC_(60)) was transformed to a more oxidized form under common water disinfection processes (i.e., ultraviolet irradiation and photochlorination). The light-irradiated product (UV_nC_(60)) exhibited lower cytotoxicity toward macrophage J774A.1 cells relative to Nc_(60). Whereas the photochlorinated product (UV/Cl_Nc_(60)) increased the toxic effect Particularly, the internalization of nanoparti-cles and the mimetic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity resulted in the selective accumulation of intracellular hydrogen peroxide. Thus, sequential exposure to a nonlethal dose of nanoparticles followed by 5 Μm copper ions (which is a much lower level than the EPA-regulated level of 20 Μm in drinking water) led to the significant production of hydroxyl radicals inside cells. The uptake and SOD-like activity were highly structure-related, with the most noteworthy activity obtained for UV/Cl_Nc_(60). These results emphasize that environmental transformation-induced property changes should be given adequate consideration in the risk assessment of C_(60).
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Hydrothermal reactions of (benzylazanediyl)bis(methylene)-diphosphonic acid (H4L1) or (benzene-1,3,5-triyltris(methylene))triphosphonic acid (H6L2) with Fe(III)/Cu(II) nitrate and 4, 4'-bipy or 2, 2'-bipy result in five new phosph...
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Hydrothermal reactions of (benzylazanediyl)bis(methylene)-diphosphonic acid (H4L1) or (benzene-1,3,5-triyltris(methylene))triphosphonic acid (H6L2) with Fe(III)/Cu(II) nitrate and 4, 4'-bipy or 2, 2'-bipy result in five new phosphonates, namely, [FeHL1(H2O)](n) (1), {[Cu(2)(L)1(4, 4'-bipy)(0.5) (H2O)].0.25H(2)O}(n) (2), [Cu2H2L2(4, 4'-bipy)(H2O)2](n), (3), [CuH4L2(2, 2'-bipy)](n) (4) and [Cu-2(H4L2)2(2, 2'-bipy)(2)(H2O)(4)] (5), respectively. X-ray structural analysis indicates that 2 and 3 feature 3D framework structures with 3, 3, 3, 4 connected and 4, 5-connected topology; 1 and 4 display 1D chain structures, while 5 has a dimer structure. The di-or trisphosphonate ligands (H4L1 and H6L2) in the five complexes adopt different coordination modes and auxiliary ligands (4, 4'-bipy and 2, 2'-bipy) control the dimensionality of the final complexes. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities of 2-5 were assessed by modified nitrobluetetrazolium (NBT) assay. The IC50 values required to yield 50% inhibition of the reduction of NBT are 1.84, 2.02, 6.95 and 1.70 M for 2-5, respectively, demonstrating better SOD-like activity than most of the Cu-SOD mimic enzymes reported in literatures. Among them, 2 and 3 have good stability and reusability under the simulative physiological conditions. The dismutation of 4 and 5 toward superoxide anion radicals can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the decomposition products of 4 and 5 containing Cu(II) and [H4L2](2-)with or without 2, 2'-bipy or Cu(II) and 2, 2'bipy, which were identified by liquid mass spectrometry (LC/MS). The magnetic properties of complexes 1-4 were also investigated, indicating the presence of magnetic exchange between metal ions. The results show that 1 and 3 exhibit antiferromagnetic interactions, while 2 and 4 show ferromagnetic interactions between metal centres.
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This study was conducted to monitor the extraction yields and functional properties from cabbage by a response surface methodology. The extract yield was maximized as 44.47% under the temperature of 79.86°C, ethanol concentration...
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This study was conducted to monitor the extraction yields and functional properties from cabbage by a response surface methodology. The extract yield was maximized as 44.47% under the temperature of 79.86°C, ethanol concentration of 56.84% and solvent to sample ratio 25.58 mL/g. The maximum value of electron donating ability was 85.46% at 46.38°C, 57.06% of ethanol concentration and 27.71 mL/g of solvent to sample ratio. The maximum value of tyrosinase inhibitory effect was 69.37% at 37.5°C, 47.71% of ethanol concentration and 16.03 mL/g of solvent to sample ratio. The maximum value of SOD-like activity was 48.36% in 66.12°C, 70.35% of ethanol concentration and 29.13 mL/g of solvent to sample ratio. Estimated conditions for the maximized extraction including yield, electron donating ability and SOD-like activity were 20-30 mL/g in ratio of solvent to sample, 25 - 85% in ethanol concentration, and 40 - 90°C in extraction temperature.
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Metal nanoparticles have the ability to remove superoxide via changes in the surface electronic states at the large surface area. Gold, silver, and platinum nanoparticles were prepared in the presence of three sugar-based nonionic...
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Metal nanoparticles have the ability to remove superoxide via changes in the surface electronic states at the large surface area. Gold, silver, and platinum nanoparticles were prepared in the presence of three sugar-based nonionic surfactants using NaBH_4 as a reducing agent. The surfactants (glycosyloxyethyl methacrylate: xGEMA) contain sugar oligomers of various lengths (x), are biodegradable, and act as protecting groups for the nanoparticles. Three types of xGEMA were used: dodecyl and hexadecyl chains containing amphiphilic oligomers (C_(12)-3.0GEMA and C_(16)-3.2GEMA) and multi-dodecyl chain with multiple sugar side chains (1.8C_(12)-4.7GEMA). We found that the type of nonionic surfactant affected the size of the nanoparticles. The average size of the gold, silver, and platinum nanoparticles ranged from 1.9 to 6.6 nm depending on the surfactant. The trend in the size of gold nanoparticles in relation to the chosen surfactants was different from that for the silver and platinum nanoparticles. Moreover, the gold nanoparticles did not show effective antioxidant activity for superoxide, whereas the silver and platinum nanoparticles removed superoxide to a certain extent. The general order for superoxide scavenging activity increased in the following order: gold < platinum < silver. In particular, the largest size of silver nanoparticles capped with C_(16)-3.2GEMA had a similar ability for the removal of superoxide as superoxide dismutase (ca. 3999 unit/mg) on the basis of the mass concentration.
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Allium tuberosum Rotter (Liliaceae, Chinese chives) is a perennial herb of which leaves are used for food. This study investigated the effect of pretreatment on quality of dehydrated Chinese chives. Chinese chives was blanched at ...
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Allium tuberosum Rotter (Liliaceae, Chinese chives) is a perennial herb of which leaves are used for food. This study investigated the effect of pretreatment on quality of dehydrated Chinese chives. Chinese chives was blanched at 80°C for 20 sec, followed by drying at 70°C, 80°C, 100°C, or drying at 100°C for 30 min and subsequent drying at 70°C, or 100°C for 60 min and subsequent drying at 70°C. Optimum drying temperature and time was 100°C for 30 min and subsequent drying at 70°C, or 100°C for 60 min and subsequent drying at 70°C. These conditions were shortened time for dehydration and showed smaller decrease than others in Hunter color L, a, b. Dehydrated Chinese chives showed a constant decrease in greenness with storage, probably due to destruction of chlorophyll by light. In the measurement of Hunter color L, a, b, these conditions showed smaller decrease than others in Hunter color for 15 week storage. Chlorophyll content and SOD (superoxide dismutase)-like activity in that condition was higher than others. It was assumed that a phenolic compound that forms its thermostable activity. The fitness of drying models was conducted in order to explain reducing chlorophyll loss and SOD (superoxide dismutase)-like activity loss. Basedupon the chlorophyll content, SOD-like activity, and retention of green color of the vegetable, optimum drying conditions was 100°C for 30 min followed by 100°C for 30 min and subsequent drying at 70°C, or 100°C for 60 min and subsequent drying at 70°C.
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Allium tuberosum Rotter (Liliaceae, Chinese chives) is a perennial herb of which leaves are used for food. This study investigated the effect of pretreatment on quality of dehydrated Chinese chives. Chinese chives was blanched at ...
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Allium tuberosum Rotter (Liliaceae, Chinese chives) is a perennial herb of which leaves are used for food. This study investigated the effect of pretreatment on quality of dehydrated Chinese chives. Chinese chives was blanched at 80°C for 20 sec, followed by drying at 70°C, 80°C, 100°C, or drying at 100°C for 30 min and subsequent drying at 70°C, or 100°C for 60 min and subsequent drying at 70°C. Optimum drying temperature and time was 100°C for 30 min and subsequent drying at 70°C, or 100°C for 60 min and subsequent drying at 70°C. These conditions were shortened time for dehydration and showed smaller decrease than others in Hunter color L, a, b. Dehydrated Chinese chives showed a constant decrease in greenness with storage, probably due to destruction of chlorophyll by light. In the measurement of Hunter color L, a, b, these conditions showed smaller decrease than others in Hunter color for 15 week storage. Chlorophyll content and SOD (superoxide dismutase)-like activity in that condition was higher than others. It was assumed that a phenolic compound that forms its thermostable activity. The fitness of drying models was conducted in order to explain reducing chlorophyll loss and SOD (superoxide dismutase)-like activity loss. Basedupon the chlorophyll content, SOD-like activity, and retention of green color of the vegetable, optimum drying conditions was 100°C for 30 min followed by 100°C for 30 min and subsequent drying at 70°C, or 100°C for 60 min and subsequent drying at 70°C.
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Physiological activities of mistletoe extracts were examined. Total polyphenol contents, electro-donating ability, SOD-like activity, nitrite-scavenging ability and tyrosinase of mistletoe extracted with water, 50%, and 100% ethan...
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Physiological activities of mistletoe extracts were examined. Total polyphenol contents, electro-donating ability, SOD-like activity, nitrite-scavenging ability and tyrosinase of mistletoe extracted with water, 50%, and 100% ethanol were determined. Total polyphenol contents of powder extracts were higher than slice extracts. EDAs showed over 90% at powder extracts. Especially mistletoe extracts with 50% ethanol were higher than water extracts. SOD-like activities of water, 50% and 100% ethanol extracts of all samples were 23.71—33.4% lower than those of 1.0% and 0.1% L-ascorbate solutions. Nitrite-scavenging activities at pH 1.2 were the most effective in water, 50% and 100% ethanol extracts. The results will be useful for understanding the physiolosical activities of mistletoe extracts.
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